Enhancing physiotherapy education through high-fidelity simulation: a case-based approach to critical care training
Aprimoramento do ensino de fisioterapia por meio da simulação de alta fidelidade: uma abordagem baseada em casos para o treinamento em cuidados intensivos
Meredith Tsz Ling Yeung, Melissa Yi Ching Chan, Clement Chee Kin Yan, Katherin Shilin Huang
Abstract
Background: Simulation-based education is increasingly used in physiotherapy training to bridge the gap between classroom learning and clinical practice. High-fidelity simulation (HF-Sim) offers students a realistic yet safe environment to apply theoretical knowledge, practise complex decision-making, and develop the skills in managing critically ill patients. However, evidence on its structured application in physiotherapy curricula, especially for critical care learning, remains limited. Aim: To evaluate the impact of HF-Sim on perceived clinical reasoning and reflective practice in physiotherapy students managing a case in the intensive care setting (ICU). Methods: HF-Sim was structured around predefined objectives focusing on respiratory pathophysiology, airway/ventilator management, interpretation of investigations, and evidence-based physiotherapy. These guided an HF-Sim scenario where students assessed the patient, interpreted data, and performed interventions. The 26-item Self-Assessment of Clinical Reflection and Reasoning (SACRR) survey was administered pre- and post-simulation to measure the perceived changes in clinical reasoning and reflection. Results: SACRR analysis revealed significant improvements in self-perceived clinical reasoning and reflective skills. Post-test results showed increased confidence in patient assessment, interpretation of investigations, treatment planning, and reflective practice, aligning with the learning objectives and emphasising critical thinking and evidence-based decisions. Conclusion: HS-Sim shows promise in physiotherapy education by providing a structured, safe environment for managing complex ICU scenarios. It helped students apply theory to practice and increased perceived readiness. Future studies should include objective measures and comparative designs to evaluate their impact better.
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Resumo
Introdução: A educação baseada em simulação é cada vez mais utilizada na formação em fisioterapia para reduzir a distância entre o aprendizado em sala de aula e a prática clínica. A simulação de alta fidelidade (SAF) oferece aos estudantes um ambiente realista e, ao mesmo tempo, seguro para aplicar conhecimentos teóricos, praticar a tomada de decisão complexa e desenvolver habilidades no manejo de pacientes críticos. No entanto, as evidências sobre sua aplicação estruturada nos currículos de fisioterapia, para o aprendizado em cuidados intensivos, permanecem limitadas. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da SAF no raciocínio clínico autorreferido e na prática reflexiva de estudantes de fisioterapia no manejo de um caso em ambiente de terapia intensiva (UTI). Métodos: A SAF foi estruturada em torno de objetivos predefinidos com foco na fisiopatologia respiratória, manejo das vias aéreas/ventilador, interpretação de exames complementares e fisioterapia baseada em evidências. Esses objetivos nortearam um cenário de SAF no qual os estudantes avaliaram o paciente, interpretaram dados e realizaram intervenções. O questionário de Autoavaliação da Reflexão e do Raciocínio Clínico (SACRR), composto por 26 itens, foi aplicado antes e depois da simulação para mensurar as mudanças percebidas no raciocínio clínico e na reflexão. Resultados: A análise do SACRR revelou melhorias significativas nas habilidades autorreferidas de raciocínio clínico e reflexão. Os resultados pós-teste demonstraram aumento da confiança na avaliação do paciente, na interpretação de exames, no planejamento terapêutico e na prática reflexiva, alinhando-se aos objetivos de aprendizagem e enfatizando o pensamento crítico e as decisões baseadas em evidências. Conclusão: A SAF mostra-se promissora no ensino de fisioterapia ao proporcionar um ambiente estruturado e seguro para o manejo de cenários complexos de UTI. Auxiliou os estudantes a aplicarem a teoria à prática e aumentou a percepção de prontidão. Estudos futuros devem incluir medidas objetivas e delineamentos comparativos para melhor avaliar seu impacto.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
20/05/2025
Aceito em:
06/05/2026


