Automanejo domiciliar e regional de práticas fisioterapêuticas: panorama de um centro de referência para indivíduos com fibrose cística
Home self-management and regional physiotherapeutic practices: an overview from a reference center for individuals with cystic fibrosis
Resumo
Introdução: as intervenções de fisioterapia respiratória são fundamentais para indivíduos com fibrose cística (FC) e o acompanhamento deve ser feito de maneira personalizada. Objetivo: descrever as técnicas e os recursos fisioterapêuticos utilizados no autogerenciamento domiciliar e regional em crianças e adolescentes com FC, acompanhados em um centro de referência. Métodos: estudo transversal, incluídas crianças e adolescentes de 1 a 15 anos de idade e seus responsáveis, subdivididos em 3 grupos: GA: 1-5 anos, GB: 6-10 anos, GC: 11-15 anos. Coletou-se em prontuário médico os dados de genótipo, colonização por patógenos e gravidade da doença. Após avaliação antropométrica, os participantes foram entrevistados quanto à clínica e as práticas de fisioterapia respiratória realizadas em domicílio e em serviços de fisioterapia onde residem. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel e apresentados de forma descritiva e por frequências. Resultados: participaram 55 indivíduos, média de idade de 6,90±4,73 anos, 34,54% com mutação genética ΔF508 homozigoto e 69,09% com gravidade excelente. Da amostra total, 85,71% realiza fisioterapia respiratória desde o diagnóstico. As técnicas empregadas variam conforme a faixa etária e a assistência: domicílio x profissional: GA: tapotagem (17,24% x 41,38%), vibrocompressão (13,79% x 41,38%). GB: Shaker® (38,46% x 38,46%), Respiron® (30,77% x 23,08%), PEP subaquática (15,38% x 30,77%). GC: Shaker® (61,54% x 53,85%), Respiron® (30,77% x 53,85%). Conclusão: as intervenções de fisioterapia respiratória integram a rotina de crianças e adolescentes com FC, sendo reconhecida por eles e seus responsáveis como fundamental para a manutenção da saúde. As técnicas convencionais são mais utilizadas nas crianças, enquanto nos adolescentes são os recursos instrumentais.
https://doi.org/10.47066/2966-4837.2024.0015pt
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Background: Respiratory physiotherapy interventions are essential for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), and care should be personalized. Aim: To describe the physiotherapy techniques and resources used in home and regional self-management for children and adolescents with CF, monitored at a reference center. Methods: Cross-sectional study, including children and adolescents aged 1 to 15 years and their caregivers, divided into three groups: GA (1–5 years), GB (6–10 years), and GC (11–15 years). Data on genotype, pathogen colonization, and disease severity were collected from medical records. After anthropometric assessment, participants were interviewed regarding clinical characteristics and respiratory physiotherapy practices performed at home and in physiotherapy services in their cities. Data was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and presented descriptively and by frequencies. Results: A total of 55 individuals participated, with a mean age of 6.90 ± 4.73 years; 34.54% had the homozygous ΔF508 genetic mutation, and 69.09% had excellent disease severity. OF the total sample, 85.71% have been undergoing respiratory physiotherapy since diagnosis. Techniques varied by age group and care setting: home vs. professional: GA: chest percussion (17.24% vs. 41.38%), chest compression-vibration (13.79% vs. 41.38%). GB: Shaker® (38.46% vs. 38.46%), Respiron® (30.77% vs. 23.08%), bottle blowing (15.38% vs. 30.77%). GC: Shaker® (61.54% vs. 53.85%), Respiron® (30.77% vs. 53.85%). Conclusion: Respiratory physiotherapy interventions are part of the daily routine of children and adolescents with CF and are recognized by them and their caregivers as essential for maintaining health. Conventional techniques are predominantly used in younger children, while instrumental techniques are morecommon in adolescents.
Keywords: Physical Therapy Modalities; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pediatrics.
https://doi.org/10.47066/2966-4837.2024.0015en
Keywords
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Submetido em:
07/05/2025
Aceito em:
29/05/2025
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