Barreiras enfrentadas por fisioterapeutas para realizar a mobilização precoce em unidades de terapia intensiva
Barriers faced by physical therapists to perform early mobilization in intensive care units
Gessica Rodrigues de Oliveira, Artur Paiva dos Santos Sánchez, Francisco Kedson Vitor de Sousa, Janille Karem Moura Santos, Márcia Cardinalle Correia Viana, Ingrid Correia Nogueira
Resumo
Introdução: A mobilização precoce (MP) na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é uma conduta segura e eficaz. Entretanto, identifica-se barreiras para sua realização, dentre elas os aspectos relacionados aos pacientes, comunicação e estrutura. Objetivo: Descrever sobre o (re)conhecimento de fisioterapeutas sobre situações clínicas, processuais, estruturais e culturais configurarem barreiras para realização da MP na UTI. Métodos: Estudo transversal, conduzido entre fevereiro e abril de 2022 em Fortaleza/CE. Participaram 50 fisioterapeutas de UTI, com um ano de experiência mínima. Os dados foram coletados por Google Forms com perguntas para caracterização da amostra e identificação das barreiras para a realização da MP. A análise descritiva foi por meio do SPSS® versão 20.0. Resultados: A maior parte eram mulheres (74,0%) e a idade média foi 37,98±9,62 anos. Cerca de 78,0% dos profissionais atuam em hospitais públicos e todos responderam que possuem conhecimento sobre MP. Sobre as barreiras, 94% identificaram que os pacientes não são muito doentes para serem mobilizados, 70,0% relataram ausência de treinamentos sobre MP na UTI onde trabalham, 50,0% dos profissionais afirmam que a falta de planejamento impede a realização da conduta e 60,0% afirmaram que a falta de conhecimento da equipe, do paciente e da família sobre os riscos e benefícios da MP não é um impedimento. Conclusão: Os fisioterapeutas identificaram importantes barreiras para a realização da MP na UTI, que vão além do domínio relacionado ao paciente. Visto isso, ressalta-se a importância de gestores mapearem estas barreiras e tomarem decisões para mudança desse cenário, tornando a MP rotina nas unidades que atuam.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Background: Early mobilization (PM) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a safe and effective approach. However, barriers to its realization are identified, among them aspects related to patients, communication and structure. Aim: To describe about the recognition of physiotherapists about clinical, procedural, structural and cultural situations that configure barriers to performing PM in the ICU. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted between February and April 2022 in Fortaleza/CE. Fifty ICU physiotherapists participated, with a minimum of one year of experience. Data were collected by Google Forms with questions for sample characterization and identification of barriers to PM performance. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS® version 20.0. Results: Most were women (74.0%) and the mean age was 37.98±9.62 years. About 78.0% of professionals work in public hospitals and all responded that they have knowledge about PM. Regarding barriers, 94% identified that patients are not too sick to be mobilized, 70.0% reported a lack of training on PM in the ICU where they work, 50.0% of professionals say that the lack of planning prevents carrying out the conduct and 60.0% stated that the lack of knowledge of the team, the patient and the family about the risks and benefits of PM is not an impediment. Conclusion: Physiotherapists identified important barriers to performing PM in the ICU, which go beyond the patientrelated domain. In view of this, it is important for managers to map these barriers and make decisions to change this scenario, making PM a routine in the units they operate.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
29/06/2022
Aceito em:
24/01/2023
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